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Comparison of Copper Alloys - Spring Wire Properties

Copper-base alloys are important spring materials because of their good electrical properties combined with their good resistance to corrosion. Although these materials are more expensive than the high-carbon and the alloy steels, they nevertheless are frequently used in electrical components and in subzero temperatures. All copper-base alloys are drawn to the American wire gage (same as Brown & Sharpe gage) and are nonmagnetic.

convert to metric units
Beryllium Copper
ASTM B 197
Phosphor Bronze
Grade A
ASTM B 159
Monel 400
AMS 7233
Monel K 500
QQ-N-286
Nominal Chemistry
Cu98.0-%
Be2.0-%
Cu94.0-96.0%
Sn4.0-6.0%
Ni66.0-%
Cu31.5-%
Ni65.0-%
Cu29.5-%
Minimum Tensile Strength
psi x 103
150-230 105-145 145-180 160-200
E - Modulus of Elasticity
psi x 106
18.5 15 26 26
Design Stress % Minimum Tensile 45 40 40 40
G - Modulus in Torsion
psi x 106
7.0 6.25 9.5 9.5
Maximum Operating Temperature
°F
400 200 450 550
Rockwell Hardness C35-42 B98-104 C23-32 C23-35
Density
lb/in3
0.298 0.32 0.318 0.305
Shear Modulus
c GPa
Method of Manufacture
Chief Uses
Special Properties
Cold drawn and may be mill hardened before fabrication. Good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. High physicals. Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance at moderately elevated temperature. Excellent corrosion resistance at moderately elevated temperature.
Equivalent or Common Trade Names BeCu
ASTM B194
Alloy 25
C172
QQ-C-533
UNS C17200
Phosphore Bronze
ASTM B159
ASTM B139
UNS C51000
QQ-W-321
SAE J463
Alloy 400
UNS N04400
ASTM B164
AMS 7233
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