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Comparison of Steel Alloys - Spring Wire Properties

Spring Materials

The alloy steel springs are used under conditions involving high stress and for applications where shock or impact loading occurs. Alloy steels can withstand higher and lower temperatures than the high-carbon steels and are obtainable in either the annealed or pre tempered conditions. Note: These materials are not regularly stocked in a wide variety of sizes.


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Chrome Vanadium
ASTM A 231
Chrome Silicon
ASTM A 401
Nominal Chemistry
C 0.48 - 0.53%
Cr 0.80 - 1.10%
V 0.15 min%
C 0.51 - 0.59%
Cr 0.60 - 0.80%
Si 1.20 - 1.60%
Minimum Tensile Strength
psi x 103
190-300 235-300
E - Modulus of Elasticity
psi x 106
30 30
Design Stress % Minimum
Tensile
45 45
G - Modulus in Torsion
psi x 106
11.5 11.5
Maximum Operating Temperature
°F
425 475
Rockwell Hardness C41-55 C48-55
Density
lb/in3
0.284 0.284
Method of Manufacture
Chief Uses
Special Properties
Cold drawn and heat treated before fabrication. Used for shock loads and moderately elevated temperature. Cold drawn and heat treated before fabrication. Used for shock loads and moderately elevated temperature.
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